Definition of a cleanroom

There is, of course, an official definition of what a cleanroom is. The VDI 2083 guideline states: “A cleanroom is an area enclosed by a wall or similar structure, the cleanliness level of which is achieved by introducing purified air at positive pressure.”

That sounds about right. But anyone who hasn’t had much to do with cleanrooms so far probably won’t be any wiser afterward.

It becomes much easier to understand if you explain why a cleanroom is needed in the first place— and what actually happens there:

• There are products for which even the tiniest contaminants (including dust, aerosols, microorganisms, and moisture) can become a problem during manufacturing or processing. For example, medications, semiconductors, or food. 
• Special manufacturing environments – cleanrooms – are used for these highly sensitive products.
• In these environments, there are precise limits on the maximum number of particles of a certain size allowed per cubic meter of air.
• The cleaner the room, the higher its cleanliness class.
• The required air purity is ensured by a sophisticated combination of air and filter technology, airlock systems, and special materials, clothing, and cleaning procedures.
• Compliance with the required cleanliness standards is regularly measured and monitored.

In short: A cleanroom is an environment in which contamination is not left to chance – but is deliberately reduced to a defined minimum and controlled.

Photo: new cleanroom at toolcraft ag

Published: July 2026